CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
As we know that the main source of
Islamic education is the holy book of the Qur'an and Sunnah Rasulullah SAW. As
well as the opinion of the companions and the Muslim scholars or scientists as
an extra. Islamic education as sebauah disiplim science should open the eyes
that occurs when the state of education is far from what we expect. We expects
that Islamic education contributes to education contained in Indonesia, but it
has not terealisaikan to the maximum. One of the factors that cause it is not
diterpakanny a principle as a basis for education.
Often a principle only as a
formality. Principle does not serve as the basis or foundation of how the
achievement of a goal. Whereas in the achievement of educational goals
digarapkan in Islam, where the principles are very important and urgent.
Therefore, in this paper we will try to explain a bit how a prisnip tentanng
principles of Islamic education as disciplines and how their contribution.
In the perspective of Islamic
education, the purpose of life is essentially a Muslim is to serve God.
Devotion to God as a realization of faith embodied in the charity, not the
other to achieve the degree of pious side. Believe and do pious are two aspects
of personality is aspired in Islamic education. While the goal of Islamic
education is the formation of a human being who has a religious dimension and
scientific capability.
To actualize this goal a responsible
educator lead learners towards this goal, which is to make the nature of God to
be most characteristic of his personality. To that end, educators in the world
where education is crucial.
This is due to its obligations not
just mere knowledge transfer, but also to realize the values of the learners.
Form of value is transferred and disseminated at least include ethical,
pragmatic values and religious values. Factual basis, the implementation of
teaching and administration in the field of Islamic religious knowledge and to
realize the value of the learners is a tough task in the middle of a complex
society, especially at the present time is in the future development of globalization
and information.
In more philosophical Muhammad
Natsir in writing "educational ideology of Islam" states: "The
so-called education, is a physical and spiritual leadership to the completeness
or perfection and the true meaning of humanity".
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. Definition
Principles
1. Understanding Principles
Principles derived from the
principle that meaningful origin, basic, basic principles as the views and
beliefs, such as the establishment of opinionated, has a strong base or
principles. The basic principle can be interpreted, the principal or the base (something
the opinion rule and so on). Thus the basic principles of Islamic education
means a basic overview of the main things that it becomes a source of concepts,
values and principles of Islamic education building.
Principles
Is a statement of fundamental principles or general truths or individual
that made by a person / group as a guideline to think or act. A principle is the spirit of a development or change, and an
accumulation of experience or meaning by a particular object or subject.[1]
Achmadi, stated that the basic
purpose of education is the view that underlies all educational activities in
the framework of theory development, planning and implementation of education.
Because we speak of Islamic education, the worldview that underlies the entire
educational activity is the Islamic worldview or philosophy of life that
Muslims are essentially noble values that are transcendent, universal, and
eternal. With the values of the position that Islamic education both
normatively and conceptually different from other educational sciences.
The source of value in Islam is the
Quran and Sunnah Rasul. Since the number of values contained in the source,
the elected and appointed some of which are considered fundamental and can
encapsulate a variety of other values, namely monotheism, humanity, oneness of
humanity, balance, rahmatan lil'alamin.
Thus, Islamic education is ideal
mainly due attention togetherness, self improvement, society, promoting
science, done humanely, thorough and always trying to improve.
The basic principles of Islamic
education are fundamental aspects that describe the basis and purpose of
Islamic education so he distinguishes non-Islamic education. ¬ principles of
the basic principles of Islamic education that includes:
• Islamic Education is part of the
process God rububiyah
• Islamic Education attempted to
form the whole person
• Islamic Education is always
associated with religion
• Islamic Education is an open
education.
2. understanding Islam
Islam (Arabic: al-Islam الإسلام: "surrender to God") is a religion that believes in
one God, Allah. With over a quarter of a billion followers worldwide, making
Islam the second largest religion in the world after Christianity. Islam means
"submission", or surrender yourself completely to God (Arabic: الله, Allāh). Followers of Islam are known as Muslims,
which means "one who submits to God, or more details are Muslim to Moslem
men and for women. Islam teaches that Allah sent down His Word to man through the prophets
and messengers of His apostles, and earnestly believe that Muhammad is the last
prophet and apostles are sent into the world by God. And also mentioned in the
book of ad-diinu Al-islamiyi that Islam is:
الدين
الحق الخالد الملائم للعقول في كل عصروجيل وشعب وقبيل.جاء به محمد صلي الله عليه
وسلم ليخرج الناس من الظلمات الي النور وليهديهم الي صراط العزيز الحكيم[2]
·
Islam as a source of
Sources of Islamic law is the basis of everything, reference, or Islamic Shari'a guidelines. In general, the scholars of fiqh agree that the primary source of Islamic law are the Qur'an and the Hadith. Messenger of Allah said: "I am leaving for you two things so you will not get lost forever, as long as you hold on to them, namely the Book of Allah (Al-Qur` an) and my Sunnah (Hadith). "Besides, the scholars of fiqh make ijtihad, as one of the basic laws of Islam, after Al-Qur `an and Hadith.[3]
·
Islam as a result of thinking
Imam al -
Ghazali was born in the year 450 Hijrah year 1058 together with AD in bandat
Thus , Khurasan ( Iran ) . He berkun ` yah Abu Hamid because one of his
children named Hamid . His title al - Ghazali ath - Thusi related to Abu Hamid
Muhammad ibn Muhammad al - Ghazali ath Thusi Shafi'i ( born 1058 in Thus ,
Province Khorasan , Persia ( Iran ) , died 1111, Thus Spake ) .
Al - Ghozali is a scholar ' most of the time is spent beser to deepen scientific treasures . Enormous attention to the science of making Al - Ghozali as one of the scholars of Islam that spawned a lot of fruits thoughts into written form which is still to be learned and embraced by some groups of people .
It also makes good science experts philosophers , theologians , and expert science of kalam etc. . Feel tertangtantang to conduct a study of the work of Al - Ghozali . Already a reasonableness that " nobody 's perfect " . The case with Al - Ghozali , although many people assume that defend and assert that Al - Ghozali a defender of Islam ( islam Hujjatul ) , and considers Al - Ghozali is second only human Muslim prophet Muhammad in bringing and guiding the Ummah through still thinking and remain relevant to present times ( contemporary ) however , not a few people who assume that the thought of Al - Ghozali sometimes bersebrangan with ratios . So that there are states that Al - Ghozali the source and the base setback Islam , and anti- intellectualism .
Al - Ghozali is a scholar ' most of the time is spent beser to deepen scientific treasures . Enormous attention to the science of making Al - Ghozali as one of the scholars of Islam that spawned a lot of fruits thoughts into written form which is still to be learned and embraced by some groups of people .
It also makes good science experts philosophers , theologians , and expert science of kalam etc. . Feel tertangtantang to conduct a study of the work of Al - Ghozali . Already a reasonableness that " nobody 's perfect " . The case with Al - Ghozali , although many people assume that defend and assert that Al - Ghozali a defender of Islam ( islam Hujjatul ) , and considers Al - Ghozali is second only human Muslim prophet Muhammad in bringing and guiding the Ummah through still thinking and remain relevant to present times ( contemporary ) however , not a few people who assume that the thought of Al - Ghozali sometimes bersebrangan with ratios . So that there are states that Al - Ghozali the source and the base setback Islam , and anti- intellectualism .
Regardless
of the pros and cons of the above , it turns out Al - Ghozali too much to give
attention to the problems of education . This is done in Al - Ghozali remember
that Islam upholds those who have knowledge and those who earnestly seek
knowledge . This statement is in accordance with the word of God :
" Allah
will exalt those who believe among you and those who are given some degree of
knowledge " . ( Al Mujadalah . 11 ).[4]
·
Islam as produck and culture
results
In the
anthropological literature , there are 3 terms which have similar meaning or
similarity with culture . The first is the culture , which is derived from the
Latin word cultura which means maintain , work , or processing . In this sense
culture means all activities and human resources to process and manipulate
nature . The second term is the civilization ( civilization) . This word comes
from the Latin word meaning Civis citizens . In this sense culture or
civilization associated with a more progressive life and smoother . In the
context of Indonesian civilization is considered equivalent to the word
civilization . The third term is the culture . Understanding the culture here
has some sense , such as by:
1 . Pasurdi Suparlan : Culture is a set of rules , instructions , recipes , plans , and strategies that comprise a set of cognitive models of human beings , and are used selectively in the face of the environment , as manifested in the behavior behavior and actions .
1 . Pasurdi Suparlan : Culture is a set of rules , instructions , recipes , plans , and strategies that comprise a set of cognitive models of human beings , and are used selectively in the face of the environment , as manifested in the behavior behavior and actions .
2 .
Sumardjan cello and Soelaiman Soemardi : Culture is all the work , taste, and
your community .
3 . Effat Sharqawi : Culture is what we long for ( ideal ) , as reflected in the literary arts , religion , and morality , while civilization is what we use ( real ) which is reflected in politics , economics and technology .
Of two initial understanding of the culture we will examine further cultural understanding that has been expressed by Selo Soemardjan and Soelaiman Soemardi . The word " work " has the meaning of human actions in terms of material culture that humans needed to master the natural surroundings , so that the strength and the results can be devoted to public purposes . The word " flavor " includes the human soul to fulfill all norms and social values required to manage social problems . Religion , ideology , mysticism , and art which is the result of the expression of the human soul that lives as members of society included in it . The word " copyright " means mental abilities , and think the people who live in a society that results , among others, such as philosophy and science .
3 . Effat Sharqawi : Culture is what we long for ( ideal ) , as reflected in the literary arts , religion , and morality , while civilization is what we use ( real ) which is reflected in politics , economics and technology .
Of two initial understanding of the culture we will examine further cultural understanding that has been expressed by Selo Soemardjan and Soelaiman Soemardi . The word " work " has the meaning of human actions in terms of material culture that humans needed to master the natural surroundings , so that the strength and the results can be devoted to public purposes . The word " flavor " includes the human soul to fulfill all norms and social values required to manage social problems . Religion , ideology , mysticism , and art which is the result of the expression of the human soul that lives as members of society included in it . The word " copyright " means mental abilities , and think the people who live in a society that results , among others, such as philosophy and science .
Soerjono
Soekanto mention that human life has two sides : the material and the spiritual
. Work contains material side , the human ability to generate objects or
tangible materials . Spiritual side of the human being contains copyrighted to
generate knowledge , and intention rules that generate trust, decency ,
propriety , law , and the resulting sense of beauty .
Pursed
the main questions above , then we will see some opinions from the experts
about the study of religion ( Islam ) . Nurcholish Madjid said that religion
and culture are two areas that can be distinguished but not separated .
Absolute value of religion , does not change because of the change of time and
place . The culture is based on religion can even change from time to time and
from place to place . Largely based on religion and culture have never happened
otherwise . Therefore, it is the primary religion and culture are secondary .
Culture can be an expression of religious life , because he is subordinate (
part ) of the religion and never vice versa .
Harun
Nasution argued that religion is essentially contains two teaching groups . The
first group is the basic doctrine revealed by God through His apostles . This
basic tenet is manifested in the form of scriptures and mutawatir that is
absolute , eternal and unchanging . The second group are the explanations of
the basic teachings , both the meaning and implementation procedures that are
the result of thought and religion experts are not absolute and are subject to
change .[5]
CHAPTER
III
CLOSSING
Understanding Principles
Principles derived from the
principle that meaningful origin, basic, basic principles as the views and
beliefs, such as the establishment of opinionated, has a strong base or
principles. The basic principle can be interpreted, the principal or the base (something
the opinion rule and so on). Thus the basic principles of Islamic education
means a basic overview of the main things that it becomes a source of concepts,
values and principles of Islamic education building.
understanding
Islam
Islam (Arabic: al-Islam الإسلام: "surrender to God") is a religion that believes in
one God, Allah. With over a quarter of a billion followers worldwide, making
Islam the second largest religion in the world after Christianity. Islam means
"submission", or surrender yourself completely to God (Arabic: الله, Allāh). Followers of Islam are known as Muslims,
which means "one who submits to God, or more details are Muslim to Moslem
men and for women. Islam teaches that Allah sent down His Word to man through the prophets
and messengers of His apostles, and earnestly believe that Muhammad is the last
prophet and apostles are sent into the world by God. And also mentioned in the
book of ad-diinu Al-islamiyi that Islam is:
الدين الحق الخالد
الملائم للعقول في كل عصروجيل وشعب وقبيل.جاء به محمد صلي الله عليه وسلم ليخرج الناس
من الظلمات الي النور وليهديهم الي صراط العزيز الحكيم
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